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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

A Comparison of Self-Reported Hearing Status and Hearing Screening Results in Adults
Erişkinlerin Kendi Bildirdiği İşitme Durumu ile İşitme Tarama Sonuçlarının Karşılaştırılması
Received Date : 19 Jul 2020
Accepted Date : 19 Aug 2020
Available Online : 23 Dec 2020
Doi: 10.24179/kbbbbc.2020-78156 - Makale Dili: TR
KBB ve BBC Dergisi. 2020;28(3):302-8
Copyright © 2020 by Turkey Association of Society of Ear Nose Throat and Head Neck Surgery. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
ABSTRACT
Objective: It was aimed to investigate the relationship between the self-reported hearing status of individuals evaluated in an adult hearing screening program. Material and Methods: Ninety individuals who have never had hearing testing before were included. The bilateral pure tone air conduction thresholds detected in the range of 250-8000 Hz with the self-service hearing screening devices, 3 questions and the visual analog scale (VAS) for each question were directed to evaluate self-reported hearing status. Results: A total of 90 individuals (mean age 60.38±11.34 years), 14 (15.6%) females and 76 (84.4%) males, participated in the study. Out of 54 (60%) participants who said “yes” to the question of "Do you think that you have hearing loss?" 33 (61.1%) had “refer” at least one ear (VAS score average 2.41±2.59). Out of 36 (40%) participants who said “yes” to the question of “Are you having trouble understanding what is spoken in the quiet environment?” 23 (63.9%) had “refer” at least one ear (VAS score average 1.76±2.52). Out of 60 (66.7%) participants who said “yes” to the question of "Are you having trouble understanding what is spoken in a noisy environment?" 32 (53.3%) had “refer” at least one ear (mean VAS score 3.47±3.03). A positive correlation was found between pure tone air conduction thresholds and VAS scores for these three questions at all frequencies evaluated in both the right and left ears (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between pure tone air conduction thresholds and the levels of discomfort reported by individuals and those with worse hearing thresholds reported higher hearing problems. It is concluded that “self-reported hearing status” assessments may be useful in hearing screening programs to determine hearing status.
ÖZET
Amaç: Bu çalışmada, erişkin bireylerde bireyin kendi bildirdiği işitme durumu ile “kendi kendine yapılan işitme taraması” sonuçları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya daha önce işitme testi yaptırmamış 90 birey dâhil edilmiştir. Bireylerin, işitmelerini kendilerinin değerlendirmesi amacıyla yöneltilen 3 soruya yanıtları, bu sorular için derecelendirme sağlayan vizüel analog skala (VAS) skorları ve self-servis işitme tarama cihazıyla yapılan işitme tarama testinde 250-8000 Hz aralığında saptanan bilateral havayolu saf ses işitme eşikleri kaydedilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 14 (%15,6)’ü kadın, 76 (%84,4)’sı erkek toplam 90 birey (yaş ortalaması 60,38±11,34 yıl) katılmıştır. Bu bireylerden “İşitme kaybınız olduğunu düşünüyor musunuz?” sorusuna “evet” diyen birey sayısı 54 (%60)’tür. Bu bireylerin 33 (%61,1)’ü tarama testinde en az 1 kulaktan “kaldı” sonucu göstermiştir (VAS skoru ortalaması 2,41±2,59). “Sessiz ortamda konuşulanları anlamakta zorlanıyor musunuz?” sorusuna “evet” diyen 36 (%40) bireyin 23 (%63,9)’ü tarama testinde en az 1 kulaktan “kaldı” sonucu göstermiştir (VAS skoru ortalaması 1,76±2,52). “Gürültülü ortamda konuşulanları anlamakta zorlanıyor musunuz?” sorusuna “evet” diyen birey sayısı 60 (%66,7) olup, bireylerin 32 (%53,3)’si tarama testinde en az 1 kulaktan “kaldı” sonucu göstermiştir (VAS skoru ortalaması 3,47±3,03). Hem sağ hem de sol kulakta değerlendirilen tüm frekanslarda saf ses havayolu işitme eşikleriyle bu 3 soruya yönelik VAS skorları arasında pozitif korelasyon saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Sonuç: Çalışma sonucunda erişkin işitme taramasında havayolu saf ses işitme eşikleriyle bu konuda bireylerin kendi bildirdiği rahatsızlık düzeyleri arasında anlamlı ilişki saptanmış, işitme eşikleri daha kötü olanların işitmeye yönelik yaşadıkları sorunları daha yüksek oranda bildirdikleri görülmüştür. Çalışma sonucumuz, işitme durumunun belirlenmesine olanak sağlayan işitme tarama programlarında, bireyin “kendi bildirdiği işitme durumunun” da göz önüne alınmasının değerlendirme açısından faydalı olabileceğini ortaya koymuştur.
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