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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Can Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) Anticipate Objective Findings of Dysphagia Patients?
Disfajili Hastalarda Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) ile Objektif Bulgular Öngörülebilir mi?
Received Date : 03 Apr 2020
Accepted Date : 29 Apr 2020
Available Online : 06 May 2020
Doi: 10.24179/kbbbbc.2020-75224 - Makale Dili: TR
KBB ve BBC Dergisi. 2020;28(2):146-51
Copyright © 2020 by Turkey Association of Society of Ear Nose Throat and Head Neck Surgery. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the relation between the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) questionnare which is used in dysphagia patients and the objective findings of the flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) test. Material and Methods: In this study, 114 patients who applied to our clinic with dysphagia complaint were evaluated retrospectively. EAT-10 and FEES results of the patients were noted. The penetration-aspiration scale (PAS) was used to determine the severity of penetration and aspiration in FEES. In this study, 1-5 points in PAS are grouped as no aspiration and 6-8 points are grouped as aspiration. In addition, the presence of residues of foods in the semi-solid consistency, especially in vallecula and piriform sinus, was evaluated in this study. The relation between the EAT-10 scores and the PAS and the presence of residue was statistically evaluated. Results: Of the 114 dysphagia patients with a mean age of 67±17.39 (21-94), 37 were women and 77 were men. The mean EAT-10 scores of the 114 patients included in the study was found to be 24.29±8.64 (4-40). While the mean EAT-10 score of the patients who didin’t have aspiration in fluids during FEES was 21.70±8.53, the mean EAT-10 score of patients who had aspiration was found 26.71±8.09 and a statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups (p=0.001). With semi-solid consistency, while the mean EAT-10 score of patients who did not have aspiration was 22.55±8.83, the mean EAT-10 of patients who had aspiration was 27.06±7.65 and the difference between the two groups was found to be statistically signficant (p=0.006). Finally, while the EAT-10 score of patients without residues was 17.43±7.63, the EAT-10 score of those with residues was 27.86±6.82, and the difference between the two groups was significant (p=0.000). Conclusion: This study shows that the EAT-10 is useful in predicting possible aspiration risk in patients with dysphagia.
ÖZET
Amaç: Disfaji hastalarında kullanılan Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) anketinin, fleksibl endoskopik yutma çalışmasında (FEYÇ) saptanan objektif bulgular ile ilişkisini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada, disfaji şikâyetiyle kliniğimize başvuran 114 hastanın dosyası retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Hastaların EAT- 10 skorları ve FEYÇ sonuçları not edildi. FEYÇ’de penetrasyon ve aspirasyonun şiddetinin belirlenmesi amacıyla penetrasyon-aspirasyon skalası (PAS) kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada da PAS’de 1-5 arası puanlar aspirasyon yok ve 6-8 arası puanlar aspirasyon var olarak gruplandırılmıştır. Ayrıca bu çalışmada, hastalarda yarı katı kıvamdaki gıdalarda özellikle vallekula ve piriform sinüste kalıntı varlığı değerlendirildi. Hastaların EAT-10 skorları ile PAS ve kalıntı varlığı arasındaki ilişki istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Ortalama yaşları 67±17,39 (21-94 yaş arası) olan 114 disfaji hastasının 37’si kadın, 77’si erkekti. Çalışmaya dahil edilen 114 hastanın ortalama EAT-10 skoru 24,29±8,64 (4-40 arası) olarak bulunmuştur. FEYÇ sırasında sıvılarda aspirasyonu olmayan hastaların EAT-10 skoru 21,70±8,53 iken, aspirasyonu olanların EAT-10 skoru 26,71±8,09 bulunmuştur ve 2 grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık olduğu görülmüştür (p=0.001). FEYÇ sırasında yarı katılarda ise, aspirasyonu olmayan hastaların EAT-10 skoru 22,55±8,83 iken, aspirasyonu olanların EAT-10 skoru 27,06±7,65 bulunmuştur ve 2 grup arasındaki farklılığın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu görülmüştür (p=0,006). Son olarak, FEYÇ sırasında yarı katılarda kalıntısı olmayan hastaların EAT-10 skoru 17,43±7,63 iken, kalıntısı olanların EAT-10 skoru 27,86±6,82 bulunmuştur ve 2 grup arasındaki farkın anlamlı olduğu görülmüştür (p=0,000). Sonuç: Bu çalışma, EAT-10 ölçeğinin disfaji hastalarında olası aspirasyon riskini tahmin etmede faydalı olduğunu göstermektedir.
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