ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Could Potential Postoperative Chylous Fistula Be Prevented in Patients Undergoing Neck Dissection by Using Fibrin Glue?
Boyun Diseksiyonu Yapılan Hastalarda Postoperatif Gelişebilecek Şilöz Fistüller FibrinYapıştırıcı ile Önlenebilir mi?
Received Date : 19 Aug 2020
Accepted Date : 11 Nov 2020
Available Online : 11 Feb 2020
İbrahim HİRAa, Ali BAYRAMb, Altan KAYAb, Cemil MUTLUb, İbrahim ÖZCANb
aDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ankara Şereflikoçhisar State Hospital, Ankara, TURKEY
bDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Health Science University Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, TURKEY
Doi: 10.24179/kbbbbc.2020-78548 - Makale Dili: EN
KBB ve BBC Dergisi. 2021;29(1):39-43
Copyright © 2020 by Turkey Association of Society of Ear Nose Throat and Head Neck Surgery. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
ABSTRACT
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine
the effectiveness of fibrin glue in the treatment of chylous fistula caused
by neck dissection in the light of our experience and the literature. Material
and Methods: We collected demographic data regarding age,
gender, diagnosis, smoking habit and alcohol consumption, preoperative
radiotherapy and previous surgery from nine patients with chylous
fistula following neck dissection. We also retrospectively reviewed type
of neck dissection, intraoperative chylous drainage, time of onset of
postoperative drainage, time of withdrawal of chylous drainage, treatment
protocols employed, need for re-exploration and length of hospital
stay. Results: The study included nine patients (5 male, 4 female)
with mean age of 54.7 years ranging from 34 to 70 years. It was found
that postoperative fistula developed in six patients with intraoperative
chylous fistula which were closed with ligation. Of these, re-exploration
and fibrin glue were employed in two patients as conservative methods
and octreotide failed to decrease drainage. In three patients, the fibrin
glue was applied to defect site after ligation during primary surgery. Of
these patients, postoperative low-output chylous fistula was detected in
only one patient. The short-term (3 days) octreotide therapy was used in
only one of three patients in whom fibrin glue was used during primary
surgery. The mean duration of octreotide therapy was five days in patients
in whom fibrin glue was used by re-exploration. Mean length of
hospital stay ranged from 4 to 62 days. One patient died due to infection
caused by chylous fistula, flap necrosis, fluid-electrolyte disorder and
pulmonary embolism. Conclusion: We think that fibrin glue use during
primary surgery may prevent development of postoperative fistula, particularly
in selected patients such as those with metastatic lymph node
or mass at level 4, those undergoing wide dissection or those with no
clear identification of defective structures.
Keywords: Chylous ascites; fistula; neck dissection; somatostatin; octreotide; fibrin tissue adhesive
ÖZET
Amaç: Fibrin yapıştırıcının boyun diseksiyonuna bağlı şilöz
fistül tedavisindeki etkinliğinin, klinik tecrübemiz ve literatür eşliğinde
değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Boyun
diseksiyonu sonrasında şilöz fistül gelişen 9 hastanın yaş, cinsiyet,
tanı, sigara ve alkol kullanımı, preoperatif radyoterapi ve geçirilmiş
cerrahi öykülerini içeren demografik veriler toplandı. Ayrıca boyun
diseksiyonunun tipi, intraoperatif şilöz drenaj durumu, postoperatif
drenajın başlangıç günü, şilöz drenajın kesildiği süre, uygulanan tedavi
protokolleri, re-eksplorasyon ihtiyacı ve hastanede yatış süreleri
retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya, yaşları 34-
70 arasında değişen ve ortalaması 54,7 olan 9 (5 erkek, 4 kadın) hasta
dâhil edildi. İntraoperatif şilöz fistül görülen ve ligasyon ile kapatılan
6 hastada postoperatif şilöz fistül geliştiği görüldü. Bu hastaların
2’sinde konservatif tedavi ve oktreotid ile drenaj azalmadığı için reeksplorasyon
yapıldı ve fibrin yapıştırıcısı uygulandı. Üç hastada,
primer cerrahi sırasında ligasyondan sonra defekt bölgesine fibrin
yapıştırıcısı uygulandı. Bu hastaların ise yalnızca birinde düşük debili
şilöz fistül gelişti. Primer cerrahi sırasında fibrin yapıştırıcı kullanılan
3 hastadan sadece birinde kısa süreli (3 gün) oktreotid
tedavisi kullanıldı. Fibrin yapıştırıcısının, re-eksplorasyon sırasında
kullanıldığı hastalarda ortalama oktreotid tedavisi süresi ise 5 gündü.
Ortalama hastanede kalış süresi 4-62 gün arasında idi. Bir hasta şilöz
fistül, flep nekrozu, sıvı-elektrolit bozukluğu ve pulmoner emboli
nedeniyle oluşan enfeksiyon nedeniyle öldü. Sonuç: Fibrin yapıştırıcının
primer cerrahi esnasında; özellikle düzey 4’te metastatik lenf
nodu veya kitlesi olan, geniş diseksiyon yapılan, hasarlı yapıların net
tespit edilemediği olgular başta olmak üzere, seçilmiş olgularda kullanılması
ile postoperatif fistül gelişiminin engellenebileceği kanaatindeyiz.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Şilöz asitler; fistül; boyun diseksiyonu; somatostatin; oktreotid; fibrin doku yapıştırıcı
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