ORIGINAL RESEARCH
COVID-19 Pandemic Awareness in Patients Admitted to Otorhinolaryngology Polyclinic: A Cross-Sectional Study
Kulak Burun Boğaz Polikliniğine Başvuran Hastalarda COVID-19 Pandemisi Farkındalığı: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
Received Date : 12 Aug 2020
Accepted Date : 31 Aug 2020
Available Online : 23 Dec 2020
Bilal SİZERa, İsmail YILDIZb, Ümit YILMAZc, Songül DEMİRd, Enes SIRMAc, Ahmet ÇELİKc, İsmail TOPÇUc
aSelahattin Eyyubi Devlet Hastanesi, Kulak Burun Boğaz Hastalıkları Kliniği, Diyarbakır, TÜRKİYE
bDicle Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Biyoistatistik ve Tıbbi Bilişim ABD, Diyarbakır, TÜRKİYE
cDicle Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Kulak Burun Boğaz Hastalıkları ABD, Diyarbakır, TÜRKİYE
dMardin Devlet Hastanesi, Kulak Burun Boğaz Hastalıkları Kliniği, Mardin, TÜRKİYE
Doi: 10.24179/kbbbbc.2020-78470 - Makale Dili: TR
KBB ve BBC Dergisi. 2020;28(3):181-90
Copyright © 2020 by Turkey Association of Society of Ear Nose Throat and Head Neck Surgery. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
ABSTRACT
Objective: The number of new COVID-19 cases in Turkey
decreased in May 2020 and has begun to increase again in June 2020 in Diyarbakir
province after entering into a normalization process. This study
was planned since it was thought that questioning the COVID-19 pandemic
awareness of patients who were admitted to the ear-nose-throat outpatient
clinic, which took an active role in combating pandemic, could provide information
on the possible cause of the increase in cases. Material and
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 200 patients who were admitted
to the ear-nose-throat outpatient clinic of Dicle University between
20 July 2020-24 July 2020 and who met the inclusion criteria. A questionnaire
form consisting of a total of 33 questions created by us, questioning
sociodemographic information (7 questions), admission process to the outpatient
clinic (2 questions), basic information about the pandemic (3 questions),
and 21 questions to compare the level of knowledge and prepared
as a 5-point Likert type scale was administered. Results: It was found that
the patients most frequently presented to the outpatient clinic with a sore
throat, allergic symptoms, and otalgia. The most common diagnoses were
allergic rhinitis, acute pharyngitis, and otitis externa. It was observed that
those living with individuals in the risk group at home (p=0.008), those
with a high level of income (p=0.000) and high educational level (p=0.000),
and those who were aware of the epidemic since December 2019 (p=0.000)
were found to have higher levels of knowledge. Conclusion: Although the
general pandemic awareness level was good, individuals with low educational
levels and low income level should be the main target population in
awareness studies. In addition, a more effective organization of primary
health care services, especially during the pandemic period, will ensure
that secondary-tertiary health institutions will play a more active role in
this combat.
Keywords: COVID-19; awareness; pandemic
ÖZET
Amaç: Mayıs 2020 tarihinde Türkiye genelinde yeni vaka sayısı
azaldı ve Haziran 2020’de normalleşme sürecine girildikten sonra Diyarbakır
ilinde vaka sayıları artmaya başladı. Bu çalışma, pandemi ile
mücadelede etkin rol alan kulak-burun-boğaz branşına ait polikliniğe
başvuran hastaların COVID-19 farkındalığının sorgulanmasının vaka
artışının olası nedenine yönelik bilgi sağlayabileceğinin düşünülmesi
nedeni ile planlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel çalışmaya, 20
Temmuz 2020-24 Temmuz 2020 tarihleri arasında Dicle Üniversitesi
Kulak Burun Boğaz Polikliniğine başvuran ve çalışmaya kabul kriterlerini
karşılayan 200 hasta alındı. Hastalara, tarafımızca oluşturulmuş
sosyodemografik bilgileri sorgulayan (7 soru), polikliniğe başvuru sürecini
sorgulayan (2 soru), pandemiye ait temel bilgileri sorgulayan (3
soru) ve 5’li Likert tipi ölçek şeklinde hazırlanmış, bilgi düzeyini karşılaştırmak
için kullanılan 21 soru olmak üzere toplam 33 sorudan oluşan
anket formu uygulandı. Bulgular: Hastaların en sık boğaz ağrısı,
alerjik semptomlar ve kulak ağrısı ile polikliniğe başvurdukları tespit
edildi. En sık alerjik rinit, akut farenjit ve otitis eksterna tanılarının konulduğu
izlendi. Evde risk grubunda olan bireylerle yaşayanların
(p=0,008), gelir düzeyi (p=0,000) ve eğitim düzeyi (p=0,000) yüksek
olanların ve salgından Aralık 2019’dan itibaren haberdar olanların
(p=0,000) bilgi düzeylerinin daha yüksek olduğu görüldü. Sonuç: Her
ne kadar genel pandemi farkındalık düzeyi iyi olsa da düşük eğitim düzeyi
ve düşük gelirli bireylerin farkındalık çalışmalarında ana hedef olmaları
gerekmektedir. Ayrıca özellikle pandemi sürecinde birinci
basamak sağlık hizmetlerinin daha efektif organize edilmesi, ikinci ve
üçüncü basamak sağlık kuruluşlarının bu mücadelede daha etkin rol almasını
sağlayacaktır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19; farkındalık; pandemi
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