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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Distribution of Speech Disorders According to Age in Patients Presenting with Speech Problems
Konuşma Problemi ile Başvuran Hastalarda Konuşma Bozukluklarının Yaşa Göre Dağılımı
Received Date : 01 Oct 2020
Accepted Date : 13 Dec 2020
Available Online : 09 Feb 2021
Doi: 10.24179/kbbbbc.2020-79331 - Makale Dili: EN
KBB ve BBC Dergisi. 2021;29(2):86-94
Copyright © 2020 by Turkey Association of Society of Ear Nose Throat and Head Neck Surgery. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
ABSTRACT
Objective: In this retrospective study, we examined the records of 2,300 individuals who presented to the health board with the complaint of speech disorder between January 2011 and November 2015. The aim of this study is to determine the distribution of speech disorders according to age and to investigate the effects of additional disease/disability conditions on. Material and Methods: Of the individuals who presented to the health board with the complaint of speech disorder 1,530 were children and 770 were adults. Individuals were divided into 3 groups according to their age. Group 1 consisted of 700 individuals aged 2 to 6 years. Group 2 included 830 individuals aged between 7 and 18, and Group 3 included 770 individuals aged 19 years or older. Findings from 2,300 individuals’ language, articulation, fluency, and voice evaluation tests which were performed by two audiology and speech disorders specialists and 1 educational audiology specialist were recorded. According to the file information, additional diseases/disability conditions accompanying with speech disorder were also investigated. Results: A significant difference was found between the groups in terms of the obstacle scores in all the categories of language, articulation, fluency and voice and total speech disability scores (p<0.05). It was determined that both the highest total speech obstacle score and the highest rate of additional disease/disability to speech disorder were in the 2-6 age group. In all age groups, it was found that the presence of additional disease/disability to speech disorders increased speech obstacle scores in all areas. Conclusion: A comprehensive and standard evaluation should be made in individuals who apply to the health board with speech problems. It is thought to be important to determine the additional disease/disability conditions accompanying speech disorder in individuals. Routine speech and language assessment is recommended for individuals with additional disease/disability accompanying speech impairment.
ÖZET
Amaç: Bu retrospektif çalışmada, 2011 Ocak ve 2015 Kasım tarihleri arasında konuşma bozukluğu şikâyeti ile sağlık kuruluna başvuran 2.300 bireyin dosya kayıtları incelendi. Bu çalışmanın amacı, konuşma bozukluklarının yaşa göre dağılımının belirlenmesi ve ek hastalık/engel durumunun; dil, artikülasyon, ses ve akıcılık üzerine etkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Konuşma bozukluğu şikâyeti ile sağlık kuruluna başvuran bireylerin 1.530’u çocuklardan, 770’i ise yetişkinlerden oluşmaktaydı. Bireyler, yaşlarına göre 3 gruba ayrıldı. Birinci gruba, yaşları 2-6 arasında olan 700 birey, 2. gruba yaşları 7-18 arasında olan 830 birey, 3. gruba ise yaşları 19 ve üzerinde olan 770 birey dâhil edildi. İki bin üç yüz bireyin; 2 odyoloji ve konuşma bozuklukları uzmanı ve 1 uzman eğitim odyoloğu tarafından yapılan dil, artikülasyon, akıcılık ve ses değerlendirme bulguları kaydedildi. Dosya bilgilerine bakılarak, konuşma bozukluğuna eşlik eden ek hastalık/engel durumu araştırıldı. Bulgular: Dil, artikülasyon, akıcılık ve ses alanlarının tümünde engel puanlarının ve toplam konuşma engeli puanının karşılaştırılması sonucunda gruplar arasında anlamlı fark saptandı (p<0,05). Hem en yüksek toplam konuşma engeli puanının hem de konuşma bozukluğuna ek hastalık/engel görülme oranının en fazla 2-6 yaş grubunda olduğu belirlendi. Tüm yaş gruplarında konuşmaya ek hastalık/engel olmasının; tüm alanlarda konuşma engel puanlarını artırdığı saptandı. Sonuç: Konuşma problemi ile sağlık kuruluna başvuran bireylerde, kapsamlı ve standart bir değerlendirme yapılmalıdır. Bireylerde, konuşma bozukluğuna eşlik eden ek hastalık/engel durumunun belirlenmesinin önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Konuşma bozukluğuna eşlik eden ek hastalık/engeli olan bireylerde, konuşma ve dil değerlendirmesinin de rutin olarak yapılması önerilmektedir.
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