ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Evaluation of Mastoid and Tympanic Volumes and Hearing Levels in Male Patients with Tympanic Membrane Perforation
Timpanik Membran Perforasyonu Olan Erkek Hastalarda Mastoid ve Timpanik Hacim ile İşitme Seviyelerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Received Date : 16 Mar 2023
Accepted Date : 04 Oct 2023
Available Online : 06 Oct 2023
Sergül ULUS EVECANa, Mehmet AKb
aClinic of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Sultan 2. Abdülhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye
bClinic of Radiology, İlker Çelikcan Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Hospital, Bursa, Türkiye
Doi: 10.24179/kbbbbc.2023-96790 - Makale Dili: EN
Journal of Ear Nose Throat and Head Neck Surgery. 2023;31(4):189-93.
Copyright © 2020 by Turkey Association of Society of Ear Nose Throat and Head Neck Surgery. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
ABSTRACT
Objective: In tympanic membrane perforations, the location
and size of the perforation, and the mastoid and tympanic volume
can affect the hearing level. The aim of the study is to reveal the level
of hearing loss that develops in male patients with tympanic membrane
perforation and evaluate the effect of tympanic and mastoid volume on
hearing loss. Material and Methods: In this retrospective study, we included
35 ears of 28 male patients. The tympanic membrane perforation
sizes, localizations, hearing levels, and mastoid and tympanic
volumes were noted and compared. Results: When the correlation between
the 'whole tympanic membrane diameter/perforation diameter'
ratio and the air conduction hearing thresholds was analyzed, it was
seen that there was a moderate and opposite correlation in all the frequencies
and this was statistically significant. When the correlation between
the tympanic volume and the air conduction thresholds was
analyzed, it was seen that the diference not statistically significant.
When the correlation between the mastoid volume and the air conduction
thresholds was analyzed, no statistical significance was noted.
Conclusion: The degree of conductive hearing loss resulting from a
tympanic membrane perforation increases when the size of perforation
expands, degree of middle ear pneumatization and mastoid pneumatization
ratios have no effect on hearing.
Keywords: Conductive hearing loss; tympanic membrane perforation; tympanic volume; mastoid volume
ÖZET
Amaç: Kulak zarı perforasyonlarında perforasyonun yeri ve boyutu
ile mastoid ve timpanik hacim, işitme düzeyini etkileyebilir. Çalışmanın
amacı, kulak zarı perforasyonu olan erkek hastalarda
perforasyon lokalizasyonu ve büyüklüğüne bağlı olarak gelişen işitme
kaybının düzeyini ortaya koymak ve timpanik ve mastoid hacimlerinin
işitme kaybına etkisini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu
retrospektif çalışmaya 28 erkek hastanın 35 kulağı dâhil edildi. Kulak
zarı perforasyon boyutları, lokalizasyonları, mastoid ve timpanik hacimleri
not edildi ve bu değerler hastaların işitme eşikleri ile karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: “Total kulak zarı çapı/perforasyon çapı” oranı ile
havayolu işitme eşikleri arasındaki korelasyon incelendiğinde, tüm frekanslarda
orta ve zıt yönde bir korelasyon olduğu ve bunun istatistiksel
olarak anlamlı olduğu görüldü. Timpanik hacim ile havayolu eşikleri
arasındaki korelasyon incelendiğinde, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmadığı
görülürken mastoid hacim ile havayolu eşikleri arasındaki korelasyonun
da istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmadığı görüldü. Sonuç:
Kulak zarı perforasyonundan kaynaklanan iletim tipi işitme kaybının
derecesi, perforasyonun boyutu büyüdükçe artar, orta kulak pnömatizasyon
derecesi ve mastoid pnömatizasyon oranlarının işitme üzerine
etkisi yoktur.
Anahtar Kelimeler: İletim tipi işitme kaybı; timpanik membran perforasyonu; timpanik volüm; mastoid volüm
KAYNAKLAR
- Pannu KK, Chadha S, Kumar D, Preeti. Evaluation of hearing loss in tympanic membrane perforation. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2011;63(3):208-13. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Voss SE, Rosowski JJ, Merchant SN, Peake WT. How do tympanic-membrane perforations affect human middle-ear sound transmission? Acta Otolaryngol. 2001;121(2):169-73. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Aslıer M, Özay H, Gürkan S, Kırkım G, Güneri EA. The effect of tympanic membrane perforation site, size and middle ear volume on hearing loss. Turk Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2019;57(2):86-90. [PubMed] [PMC]
- Mehta RP, Rosowski JJ, Voss SE, O'Neil E, Merchant SN. Determinants of hearing loss in perforations of the tympanic membrane. Otol Neurotol. 2006;27(2):136-43. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Voss SE, Rosowski JJ, Merchant SN, Peake WT. Middle-ear function with tympanic-membrane perforations. II. A simple model. J Acoust Soc Am. 2001;110(3 Pt 1):1445-52. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Gaur S, Sinha ON, Bhushan A, Batni G. Observations on tympanic membrane perforations (Safe Type) and hearing loss. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017;69(1):29-34. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Ahmad SW, Ramani GV. Hearing loss in perforations of the tympanic membrane. J Laryngol Otol. 1979;93(11):1091-8. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Mehmke S. [Hearing loss in perforation of the tympanic membrane]. Z Laryngol Rhinol Otol. 1962;41:677-82. German. [PubMed]
- Castelhano L, Correia F, Colaço T, Reis L, Escada P. Tympanic membrane perforations: the importance of etiology, size and location. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022;27(9):4325-33. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Balcı MK, İşlek A, Bakiş YB, Önal HK. Effects of location, size and shape of tympanic membrane perforations on hearing: analysis of 400 cases. J Laryngol Otol. 2021;135(11):993-9. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Kim DK, Choi H, Lee H, Hwang SH, Kang JM, Seo JH. Effects of tympanic membrane perforation, middle ear cavity volume, and mastoid aeration on hearing impairment. Am J Otolaryngol. 2021;42(3):102901. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Dawood MR. Frequency dependence hearing loss evaluation in perforated tympanic membrane. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2017;21(4):336-42. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Bhusal CL, Guragain RP, Shrivastav RP. Frequency dependence of hearing loss with perforations. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2007;46(168):180-4. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Herkal K, Ramasamy K, Saxena SK, Ganesan S, Alexander A. Hearing loss in tympanic membrane perforations: an analytic study. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018;4:1233-9. [Crossref]
- Park H, Hong SN, Kim HS, Han JJ, Chung J, Suh MW, et al. Determinants of conductive hearing loss in tympanic membrane perforation. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2015;8(2):92-6. Erratum in: Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2015;8(4):430. Seo, Myung-Whan [corrected to Suh, Myung-Whan]. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Kürkçüoğlu A, Kürkçüoğlu SS, Inançli HM, Enöz M, Pelin C, Zagyapan R. Measurement of tympanic cavity volume by the Cavalieri principle in Turkish population. Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg. 2010;20(3):137-41. [PubMed]
- Allam FAFAB, Allam MFAB. Sex discrimination of mastoid process by anthropometric measurements using multidetector computed tomography in Egyptian adult population. Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences. 2016;6(4):361-9. [Crossref]
- Petaros A, Sholts SB, Čavka M, Šlaus M, Wärmländer SKTS. Sexual dimorphism in mastoid process volumes measured from 3D models of dry crania from mediaeval Croatia. Homo. 2021;72(2):113-27. [Crossref] [PubMed]