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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Long-Term Effects of Tinnitus and Vertigo Symptoms on Quality of Life in Patients with Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
İdiyopatik Ani Sensörinöral İşitme Kayıplı Hastalarda Uzun Dönemde Tinnitus ve Vertigo Semptomlarının Yaşam Kalitesine Etkisi
Received Date : 08 Nov 2022
Accepted Date : 09 Dec 2022
Available Online : 15 Dec 2022
Doi: 10.24179/kbbbbc.2022-94258 - Makale Dili: EN
KBB ve BBC Dergisi. 2023;31(1):43-9
Copyright © 2020 by Turkey Association of Society of Ear Nose Throat and Head Neck Surgery. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the effect of tinnitus and vertigo symptoms on quality of life in the long term after medical treatment in individuals with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Material and Methods: The study included 18-65 years old 63 patients (20 women-43 men) who were diagnosed with idiopathic sudden hearing loss at Ear Nose and Throat Diseases Polyclinic of İnönü University Turgut Özal Medical Center and had at least 20 dB HL improvement in the mean pure tone threshold as a result of the medical treatment. A Demographic Data Form, the Dizziness Handicap Inventory, the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, and the Multidimensional Index of Life Quality were administered to all participants. The patients were assigned into two groups as those with dizziness and tinnitus symptoms (n=33) and those without symptoms (n=30). Results: No statistically significant difference was found between the symptomatic and nonsymptomatic groups according to age, time from diagnosis and gender (p>0.05). The groups show a homogeneous distribution according to age, time since diagnosis and gender. Index of Life Quality Scale physical health scores, mental health scores, interpersonal relations scores, and total score were significantly higher in the non-symptomatic group than in the symptomatic group (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of access to health personnel scores, financial status scores, and social function scores (p>0.05). Conclusion: Although there was improvement in hearing thresholds after treatment in individuals with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus and vertigo symptoms could persist in the long term and these symptoms had a serious negative impact on the individual's quality of life. These individuals should be followed up after treatment and holistic evaluations should be made with audiovestibular tests. The quality of life of individuals can be increased by applying appropriate treatment/rehabilitation with a multidisciplinary approach.
ÖZET
Amaç: Araştırma, idiyopatik ani sensörinöral işitme kayıplı bireylerde medikal tedavi sonrası uzun dönemde tinnitus ve vertigo semptomlarının yaşam kalitesine etkisini tespit etmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya İnönü Üniversitesi Turgut Özal Tıp Merkezi Kulak Burun Boğaz Hastalıkları Polikliniğine Mart 2019-Mart 2021 tarihleri arasında idiyopatik ani sensörinöral işitme kaybı tanısı almış ve uygulanan medikal tedavi sonucunda saf ses eşik ortalamasında en az 20 dB HL iyileşme gözlenen, 18-65 yaş aralığında 63 (20 kadın-43 erkek) hasta dâhil edildi. Tüm katılımcılara Demografik Veri Formu, Baş Dönmesi Engellik Envanteri, Tinnitus Engellilik Envanteri ve Çok Boyutlu Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği uygulandı. Hastalar baş dönmesi ve tinnitus semptomu olanlar (33 kişi) ve semptomu olmayanlar (30 kişi) olarak 2 gruba ayrıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan katılımcılarda yaşa, tanıdan itibaren geçen süreye ve cinsiyete göre semptom olan ve olmayan gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptanmamıştır (p>0,05). Gruplar yaş, tanıdan itibaren geçen süre ve cinsiyet değişkenlerine göre homojen dağılım göstermektedir. Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği fiziksel sağlık puanları, ruhsal sağlık puanları, kişiler arası ilişkiler puanları ve ölçek toplam puanı semptom olmayan grupta semptom olan gruba göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı seviyede yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Sağlık personeline erişim puanları, finansal durum puanları ve sosyal fonksiyon puanları için 2 grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). Sonuç: İdiyopatik ani sensörinöral işitme kayıplı bireylerde tedavi sonrası işitme eşiklerinde düzelme olsa da uzun dönemde tinnitus ve vertigo semptomlarının devam edebildiği ve bu semptomların bireyin yaşam kalitesi üzerinde ciddi olumsuz etki oluşturduğu bulundu. Bu bireylerin tedavi sonrası takip edilerek odyo-vestibüler testlerle bütüncül değerlendirmeleri yapılmalıdır. Multidisipliner yaklaşımla uygun tedavi/rehabilitasyon uygulanarak bireylerin yaşam kaliteleri artırılabilir
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