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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Retrospective Analysis of Histopathological Results of Oral Mucosal Lesions
Oral Mukozal Lezyonlara Ait Histopatolojik Sonuçların Retrospektif Analizi
Received Date : 18 Nov 2021
Accepted Date : 20 Jun 2022
Available Online : 07 Jul 2022
Doi: 10.24179/kbbbbc.2021-87082 - Makale Dili: TR
KBB ve BBC Dergisi. 2022;30(3):117-24
Copyright © 2020 by Turkey Association of Society of Ear Nose Throat and Head Neck Surgery. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
ABSTRACT
Objective: The first evaluation according to the morphological features of the oral mucosal lesion gives us important information in terms of diagnosis and follow-up, however, the accurate diagnosis can be made after histopathological examination. In this study, the histopathological diagnoses of patients who underwent biopsy for oral mucosal lesions were evaluated. Material and Methods: The histopathological results of patients who underwent oral mucosal biopsies between 2009 and 2016 were evaluated according to the frequency of occurrence, localization, age and gender distribution of the diagnoses. Lesions were also grouped according to their characteristics of being benign non-neoplastic, benign neoplastic, premalignant, and malignant, and data were analyzed within groups. Results: Of the 340 patients, 193 (56.8%) were female and 147 (43.2%) were male. When the histopathological diagnoses were evaluated according to the groups, 177 (52.1%) patients had benign non-neoplastic, 126 (37.1%) patients had benign neoplastic, 14 (4.1%) patients had premalignant, and 23 (6.8%) patients had malignant lesions. Most of the malignant lesions were squamous cell carcinoma. The mean age of premalignant and malignant lesions was found to be significantly higher than the mean age of patients with benign lesions (p<0.001). Conclusion: Most of oral mucosal lesions are benign. Although the incidence of premalignant and malignant lesions increases with age, it should be kept in mind that they can also be seen in young patients. One of the most important points in the follow-up of oral mucosal lesions is the timely diagnosis and treatment of premalignant and malignant lesions.
ÖZET
Amaç: Oral mukozal lezyonun morfolojik özelliklerine göre yapılan ilk değerlendirme bize tanı ve takip açısından önemli bilgi vermektedir, bununla birlikte kesin tanı alınan biyopsi sonrasında yapılan histopatolojik inceleme sonucu konabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, oral mukozal lezyon nedeniyle biyopsi alınan hastaların histopatolojik tanıları değerlendirildi. Gereç ve Yöntemler: 2009 ve 2016 yılları arasında oral mukozadan oral mukozal lezyon nedeniyle biyopsi alınan hastaların histopatoloji sonuçları tanıların görülme sıklığına, lokalizasyonuna, yaş ve cinsiyet dağılımlarına göre değerlendirildi. Lezyonlar ayrıca benign nonneoplazik, benign neoplazik, premalign ve malign lezyon olma özelliklerine göre gruplandırılarak her grup için veriler incelendi. Bulgular: Üç yüz kırk hastanın 193’ü (%56,8) kadın, 147’si (%43,2) erkekti. Histopatolojik tanılar gruplara göre değerlendirildiğinde 177 (%52,1) hastada benign nonneoplazik lezyon, 126 (%37,1) hastada benign neoplazik lezyon, 14 (%4,1) hastada premalign lezyon ve 23 (%6,8) hastada malign lezyon izlendi. Malign lezyonların büyük çoğunluğunu skuamöz hücreli karsinom oluşturmaktaydı. Premalign ve malign lezyonlarda yaş ortalaması, benign lezyonlara sahip hastaların yaş ortalamasına göre anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu (p<0,001). Sonuç: Oral mukozal lezyonların büyük çoğunluğu benign karakterdedir. Yaşın ilerlemesiyle premalign ve malign lezyonların görülme sıklığı artmakta, bununla birlikte genç hastalarda da premalign ve malign lezyonların görülebileceği akılda tutulmalıdır. Oral mukozal lezyonların takibinde en önemli noktalardan biri premalign ve malign lezyonların zamanında tanı konması ve tedavi uygulanmasıdır.
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