ISSN: 1300 - 6525 E-ISSN: 2149 - 0880
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

The Effect of Chronic Otitis Media on Cochlear Function
Kronik Otitis Medianın Koklear Fonksiyon Üzerine Etkisi
Received Date : 24 Apr 2023
Accepted Date : 12 Jun 2023
Available Online : 19 Jun 2023
Doi: 10.24179/kbbbbc.2023-97602 - Makale Dili: EN
KBB ve BBC Dergisi. 2023;31(3):151-6
Copyright © 2020 by Turkey Association of Society of Ear Nose Throat and Head Neck Surgery. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
ABSTRACT
Objective: The relationship between chronic otitis media (COM) and inner ear function is a contentious issue in current research. The purpose of this study is to add to the existing knowledge on the subject by analyzing bone conduction hearing levels in a large series of cases involving patients with unilateral COM. Material and Methods: Bone conduction levels at frequencies of 500 Hz to 4 kHz in pure tone audiometry of all patients were recorded separately for the affected ear and the normal ear, and the results of both ears were compared. Results: The study included 514 patients who underwent surgery for COM pathologies, including cholesteatoma in 94 (18.2%) cases, adhesive otitis in 87 (16.9%) cases, dry perforation in 325 (63.2%) cases, and tympanosclerosis in 8 (1.5%) cases. The mean four-frequency bone conduction was 15.8 dB±13.8 in the total of 514 operated ears, and 11.0 dB±11.0 in the contralateral ear with a normal ear membrane. There was found to be a statistically significant difference between the average frequency values on the COM side and the frequency values on the normal side. The mean bone conduction four-frequency values in cholesteatoma were significantly worse than those of all the other groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study provides evidence that COM can cause not only conductive hearing loss but also affect the inner ear. Cholesteatoma was found to cause the most profound bone conduction hearing loss among these pathologies. These findings underscore the importance of considering inner ear involvement in evaluating and managing patients with COM.
ÖZET
Amaç: Kronik otitis medianın (KOM) iç kulak fonksiyonu üzerindeki etkisi literatürde tartışmalıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, tek taraflı KOM hastalarında kemik iletim işitme seviyelerinin değerlendirilmesi yoluyla geniş bir vaka serisi ile bu konuya katkıda bulunmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tüm hastaların 500 Hz ile 4 kHz frekanslarındaki kemik iletim seviyeleri ayrı ayrı kaydedilerek etkilenen kulağın ve kontralateral normal kulağın sonuçları karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya, KOM patolojileri nedeniyle opere edilen 514 hasta dahil edildi. Bu hastalar arasında, 94 (%18.2) vakada kolesteatom, 87 (%16.9) vakada adeziv otit, 325 (%63.2) vakada kuru perforasyon ve 8 (%1.5) vakada timpanoskleroz tespit edildi. Dört frekanslı kemik iletim ortalaması toplam 514 operasyon edilen kulakta 15,8 dB±13,8, normal timpanik membran olan karşı taraf kulakta 11,0 dB±11,0 idi. KOM tarafındaki ortalama frekans değerleri ile normal taraftaki frekans değerleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulundu. Kolesteatomdaki dört frekanslı kemik iletim değerleri, tüm diğer gruplarınkinden anlamlı olarak daha kötüydü (p<0,001). Sonuç: Bu çalışma, KOM nedeniyle ortaya çıkan işitme kaybının sadece iletim tipi değil, aynı zamanda iç kulakta da etkilenmenin olabileceğine dair kanıtlar sunmaktadır. Kolesteatomun bu patolojiler arasında en derin kemik iletimi işitme kaybına neden olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu bulgular, KOM hastalarının değerlendirilmesi ve yönetilmesinde iç kulağın tutulumunun dikkate alınmasının önemini vurgulamaktadır.
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