ORIGINAL RESEARCH
The Effect of Chronic Otitis Media on Cochlear Function
Kronik Otitis Medianın Koklear Fonksiyon Üzerine Etkisi
Received Date : 24 Apr 2023
Accepted Date : 12 Jun 2023
Available Online : 19 Jun 2023
Fakih Cihat ERAVCIa, Miyase ORHANa, Hamdi ARBAĞa, Mehmet Akif ERYILMAZa,
Mitat ARICIGİLa, Mehmet Akif DÜNDARa
aDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Türkiye
Doi: 10.24179/kbbbbc.2023-97602 - Makale Dili: EN
KBB ve BBC Dergisi. 2023;31(3):151-6
Copyright © 2020 by Turkey Association of Society of Ear Nose Throat and Head Neck Surgery. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
ABSTRACT
Objective: The relationship between chronic otitis media
(COM) and inner ear function is a contentious issue in current research.
The purpose of this study is to add to the existing knowledge on the
subject by analyzing bone conduction hearing levels in a large series of
cases involving patients with unilateral COM. Material and Methods:
Bone conduction levels at frequencies of 500 Hz to 4 kHz in pure tone
audiometry of all patients were recorded separately for the affected ear
and the normal ear, and the results of both ears were compared. Results:
The study included 514 patients who underwent surgery for
COM pathologies, including cholesteatoma in 94 (18.2%) cases, adhesive
otitis in 87 (16.9%) cases, dry perforation in 325 (63.2%) cases,
and tympanosclerosis in 8 (1.5%) cases. The mean four-frequency bone
conduction was 15.8 dB±13.8 in the total of 514 operated ears, and 11.0
dB±11.0 in the contralateral ear with a normal ear membrane. There
was found to be a statistically significant difference between the average
frequency values on the COM side and the frequency values on the
normal side. The mean bone conduction four-frequency values in
cholesteatoma were significantly worse than those of all the other
groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study provides evidence that COM
can cause not only conductive hearing loss but also affect the inner ear.
Cholesteatoma was found to cause the most profound bone conduction
hearing loss among these pathologies. These findings underscore the
importance of considering inner ear involvement in evaluating and
managing patients with COM.
Keywords: Otitis media; cholesteatoma; sensorineural hearing loss; audiometry
ÖZET
Amaç: Kronik otitis medianın (KOM) iç kulak fonksiyonu üzerindeki
etkisi literatürde tartışmalıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, tek taraflı
KOM hastalarında kemik iletim işitme seviyelerinin değerlendirilmesi
yoluyla geniş bir vaka serisi ile bu konuya katkıda bulunmaktır. Gereç
ve Yöntemler: Tüm hastaların 500 Hz ile 4 kHz frekanslarındaki kemik
iletim seviyeleri ayrı ayrı kaydedilerek etkilenen kulağın ve kontralateral
normal kulağın sonuçları karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya,
KOM patolojileri nedeniyle opere edilen 514 hasta dahil edildi. Bu hastalar
arasında, 94 (%18.2) vakada kolesteatom, 87 (%16.9) vakada adeziv
otit, 325 (%63.2) vakada kuru perforasyon ve 8 (%1.5) vakada
timpanoskleroz tespit edildi. Dört frekanslı kemik iletim ortalaması
toplam 514 operasyon edilen kulakta 15,8 dB±13,8, normal timpanik
membran olan karşı taraf kulakta 11,0 dB±11,0 idi. KOM tarafındaki
ortalama frekans değerleri ile normal taraftaki frekans değerleri arasında
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulundu. Kolesteatomdaki
dört frekanslı kemik iletim değerleri, tüm diğer gruplarınkinden anlamlı
olarak daha kötüydü (p<0,001). Sonuç: Bu çalışma, KOM nedeniyle
ortaya çıkan işitme kaybının sadece iletim tipi değil, aynı zamanda iç
kulakta da etkilenmenin olabileceğine dair kanıtlar sunmaktadır. Kolesteatomun
bu patolojiler arasında en derin kemik iletimi işitme kaybına
neden olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu bulgular, KOM hastalarının
değerlendirilmesi ve yönetilmesinde iç kulağın tutulumunun dikkate
alınmasının önemini vurgulamaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Otitis media; kolesteatom; sensörinöral işitme kaybı; odyometri
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