REVIEW ARTICLES
The Effects of Otitis Media with Effusion in Early Childhood on Central Auditory Processing Skills, Language Development and Music Perception: A Literature Review
Erken Çocukluk Döneminde Geçirilen Efüzyonlu Otitis Medianın Santral İşitsel İşlemleme Becerileri, Dil Gelişimi ve Müzik Algısı Üzerine Etkileri: Literatür Derlemesi
Received Date : 06 Feb 2024
Accepted Date : 08 Mar 2024
Available Online : 01 Apr 2024
Büşra GÖKÇEa,b, Rabia AYGÜNa,b, Rauf Yücel ANADOLUc,d
aAnkara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Odyoloji Bölümü, Ankara, Türkiye
bAnkara Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Odyoloji ve Konuşma Bozuklukları Doktora Programı, Ankara, Türkiye
cAnkara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Dil ve Konuşma Terapisi Bölümü, Ankara, Türkiye
dAnkara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi İbn-i Sina Hastanesi, Kulak Burun Boğaz Hastalıkları ABD, Ankara, Türkiye
Doi: 10.24179/kbbbbc.2024-102002 - Makale Dili: TR
Kulak Burun Boğaz ve Baş Boyun Cerrahisi Dergisi. 2024;32(2):103-10
Copyright © 2020 by Turkey Association of Society of Ear Nose Throat and Head Neck Surgery. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
ABSTRACT
Otitis media with effusion (OME) is a disease characterized
by fluid accumulation in the middle ear. It can cause individuals
to experience various problems in the early years of life. OME is frequently
seen in childhood and usually occurs due to ear infections. The
overall prevalence of OME ranges from 6.5% to 6.8%, with a maximum
prevalence of 10.4% between 6-8 years. The presence of OME
can interfere with the movement of the tympanic membrane and ossicles
and the transmission of the acoustic signal from the environment
through the external auditory canal to the cochlea. It can cause temporary
or permanent hearing loss. Up to 20% of children with OME experience
mild hearing loss, while 5-10% may have moderate hearing
loss. An active hearing system is important for analyzing the sounds
heard and for the development of language and speech. Impairments
caused by OME in the peripheral auditory system may have the potential
to affect the cochlea, brainstem, and higher auditory pathways.
There are contradictions in the literature regarding whether central auditory
processing and language development of children with a history
of OME are negatively affected later in life. The high prevalence of the
disease and the hearing loss that may cause makes it important to examine
it in terms of possible auditory processing, language development
and music perception problems. This review was written to
synthesize the possible effects of OME in early childhood on central auditory
processing, language development and music perception and to
contribute to future research.
Keywords: Otitis media with effusion; auditory perception; language development; music
ÖZET
Efüzyonlu otitis media [otitis media with effusion (OME)], orta
kulakta sıvı birikimi ile karakterize olan bir hastalıktır. Yaşamın ilk yıllarında
bireylerin çeşitli problemler yaşamalarına sebep olabilmektedir.
OME, sıklıkla çocukluk çağında görülmekte ve genellikle kulak
enfeksiyonlarına bağlı olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. OME’nin genel prevalansı
%6,5-6,8 civarında değişmektedir; 6 ile 8 yaş arasında prevalansı
maksimum düzeye ulaşmakta olup %10,4’tür. OME varlığı
timpanik membranla kemikçiklerin hareketini ve çevreden gelen akustik
sinyalin dış kulak yolundan kokleaya iletilmesini engelleyebilmektedir.
Geçici veya kalıcı işitme kaybına neden olabilmektedir. OME
geçiren çocukların %20 kadarı hafif derecede işitme kaybı yaşarken,
%5-10 kadarında orta derecede işitme kaybı görülebilmektedir. İşitilen
sesleri analiz etmek ve dil-konuşma gelişimi için aktif işitme sistemi
önemlidir. OME’nin periferik işitme sisteminde neden olduğu bozulmalar;
koklea, beyin sapı ve daha üst düzey işitsel yolları olumsuz etkileyebilmektedir.
OME öyküsü olan çocukların ileriki dönemlerde
santral işitsel işlemleme becerileri ve dil gelişimlerinin olumsuz etkilenip
etkilenmediğine yönelik literatür araştırmaları arasında karşıtlıklar
mevcuttur. Hastalığın yüksek prevalanslı oluşu ve işitme kaybı
oluşturma ihtimali; olası işitsel işlemleme, dil gelişimi ve müzik algısı
problemleri açısından incelenmesini önemli kılmaktadır. Bu derleme,
erken çocukluk döneminde geçirilen OME’nin takip eden dönemlerde
santral işitsel işlemleme, dil gelişimi ve müzik algısı üzerine muhtemel
etkilerini sentezlemek ve gelecekteki araştırmalara katkıda bulunmak
amacıyla yazılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Efüzyonlu otitis media; işitsel algılama; dil gelişimi; müzik
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