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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

The Effects of Smoking on Eustachian Tube Function and Surgical Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Otitis Media
Sigaranın Kronik Otitis Media Hastalarında Östaki Tüpü Fonksiyonu ve Cerrahi Sonuçlar Üzerindeki Etkileri
Received Date : 21 May 2023
Accepted Date : 19 Jul 2023
Available Online : 06 Sep 2023
Doi: 10.24179/kbbbbc.2023-98046 - Makale Dili: EN
Journal of Ear Nose Throat and Head Neck Surgery. 2023;31(4):194-9.
Copyright © 2020 by Turkey Association of Society of Ear Nose Throat and Head Neck Surgery. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
ABSTRACT
Objective: Effect of smoking on the Eustachian tube (ET) function is unknown specifically in humans. The literature about smoking as a prognostic factor in chronic otitis media (COM) surgery is showing discrepancies. We evaluated the ET function by the saccharin test. Test results compared between smokers and nonsmokers. Surgical outcomes assessed between groups due to smoking status and ET function. Material and Methods: A prospective case series was conducted at a tertiary referral center on 83 COM patients undergoing endoscopic Type 1 cartilage tympanoplasty. Patients were classified based on saccharin test results into 3 groups; normal function, partial dysfunction, and gross dysfunction. Smoking status was used to evaluate ET function, and perforations were categorized as anterior, central, or posterior. Surgical success rates were compared between smokers and non-smokers. Results: The saccharin test showed no significant difference in ET function between smokers and non-smokers. Patients with gross dysfunction had more anteriorly localized perforations. Surgical success rates did not significantly differ between smokers and non-smokers, and ET function did not affect outcomes. Conclusion: Anteriorly localized perforations in tympanic membrane should bring to mind the ET dysfunction. Tragal cartilage is a reliable graft material for patients with smoking history and ET dysfunction.
ÖZET
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, sigara içmenin Östaki tüpü fonksiyonu ve timpanoplasti başarısı üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Üçüncü basamak bir merkezde, endoskopik Tip 1 kıkırdak timpanoplasti uygulanan 83 kronik otit hastası üzerinde yapılan prospektif bir çalışmadır. Hastalar sakkarin testi sonuçlarına göre 3 gruba ayrıldı; normal işlev, kısmi işlev bozukluğu ve ileri işlev bozukluğu. Östaki tüpü fonksiyonunu değerlendirmek için sigara içme durumu kullanıldı ve perforasyonlar anterior, santral veya posterior olarak kategorize edildi. Sigara içenler ve içmeyenler arasında cerrahi başarı oranları karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Sakkarin testi, sigara içenler ve içmeyenler arasında östaki tüpü fonksiyonunda anlamlı bir fark göstermedi. İleri derecede disfonksiyonu olan hastalarda perforasyonlar daha anterior yerleşimliydi. Cerrahi başarı oranları, sigara içenler ve içmeyenler arasında anlamlı bir farklılık göstermedi ve östaki tüpü fonksiyonu sonuçlarını etkilemedi. Sonuç: Timpanik membranda anterior yerleşimli perforasyonlar östaki borusu disfonksiyonunu akla getirmelidir. Tragal kartilaj, sigara öyküsü ve östaki tüpü disfonksiyonu olan hastalar için güvenilir bir greft materyalidir.
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