Motion sickness, which has plagued mankind since the invention of the wheel, is a polysymptomatic picture that occurs as a result of the conflict between the visual-vestibular and proprioceptive systems. This review examines the etiology, risk factors and treatment approaches of motion sickness in the light of the current literature. Central nervous system sensitivities, vestibular system disorders and neurovegetative factors play an important role in the mechanisms of motion sickness. In addition, individual factors such as age, gender and triggering factors such as anxiety and migraine have also been shown to affect the susceptibility to motion sickness. There is no standardized diagnostic tool for the definitive diagnosis of motion sickness. The vestibular tests used for diagnosis are used to exclude other possible diseases. However, subjective assessment questionnaires strengthen the clinicians’ hand in terms of diagnosis. Various methods have been tried and applied throughout history in treatment approaches. These methods have evolved and developed until today. Today, behavioral therapies, pharmacological and nonpharmacological agents and, of course, vestibular rehabilitation applications stand out among the approaches applied for the treatment of motion sickness. Virtual reality-based therapy methods, which have been on the rise especially in recent years, are promising in the treatment of motion sickness. This review aims to contribute to clinical practice and guide future research by summarizing the basic etiological mechanisms, symptoms, triggers, and current treatment approaches of motion Sickness.

Tekerleğin icadından itibaren, bir enstrüman kullanarak hareket etme imkânı elde eden insanoğlunun başına dert olan hareket hastalığı, vizüel-vestibüler ve proprioseptif sistemlerin çatışması sonucu ortaya çıkan polisemptomatik bir tablodur. Bu derleme, mevcut literatür ışığında hareket hastalığının etiyolojisini, risk faktörlerini ve tedavi yaklaşımlarını güncel literatür ışığında incelemektedir. Hareket hastalığının ortaya çıkış mekanizmalarında santral sinir sistemi hassasiyetleri, vestibüler sistem bozuklukları ve nörovejetatif faktörler önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bunun dışında yaş, cinsiyet gibi bireysel faktörler ile anksiyete ve migren gibi tetikleyici faktörlerin de hareket hastalığı duyarlılığını etkilediği gösterilmiştir. Hareket hastalığının kesin tanısı için standardize bir tanı aracı bulunmamaktadır. Tanı için kullanılan vestibüler testler olası diğer hastalıkları dışlamak için kullanılır. Bununla birlikte öznel değerlendirme anketleri tanı açısından klinisyenlerin elini çok güçlendirmektedir. Tedavi yaklaşımlarında tarih boyu çeşitli yöntemler denenmiş ve uygulanmıştır. Bu yöntemler günümüze kadar evrilerek ve gelişerek gelmiştir. Günümüzde hareket hastalığının tedavisi için uygulanan yaklaşımlardan davranışsal terapiler, farmakolojik ve farmakolojik olmayan ajanlar ve elbette vestibüler rehabilitasyon uygulamaları öne çıkmaktadır. Özellikle son yıllarda yükseliş trendine sahip olan sanal gerçeklik tabanlı terapi yöntemleri hareket hastalığı tedavisinde umut verici sonuçlar ortaya koymuştur. Bu derleme, hareket hastalığının etiyolojik açıdan temel mekanizmalarını, semptomlarını, tetikleyici unsurları ve güncel tedavi yaklaşımlarını bir araya getirerek klinik uygulamalara ve gelecekteki araştırmaların yönlenmesine katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır.

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