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ORIGINAL RESEARCH

COVID-19 Pandemic Awareness in Patients Admitted to Otorhinolaryngology Polyclinic: A Cross-Sectional Study
Kulak Burun Boğaz Polikliniğine Başvuran Hastalarda COVID-19 Pandemisi Farkındalığı: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
Received Date : 12 Aug 2020
Accepted Date : 31 Aug 2020
Available Online : 23 Dec 2020
Doi: 10.24179/kbbbbc.2020-78470 - Makale Dili: TR
KBB ve BBC Dergisi. 2020;28(3):181-90
Copyright © 2020 by Turkey Association of Society of Ear Nose Throat and Head Neck Surgery. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
ABSTRACT
Objective: The number of new COVID-19 cases in Turkey decreased in May 2020 and has begun to increase again in June 2020 in Diyarbakir province after entering into a normalization process. This study was planned since it was thought that questioning the COVID-19 pandemic awareness of patients who were admitted to the ear-nose-throat outpatient clinic, which took an active role in combating pandemic, could provide information on the possible cause of the increase in cases. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 200 patients who were admitted to the ear-nose-throat outpatient clinic of Dicle University between 20 July 2020-24 July 2020 and who met the inclusion criteria. A questionnaire form consisting of a total of 33 questions created by us, questioning sociodemographic information (7 questions), admission process to the outpatient clinic (2 questions), basic information about the pandemic (3 questions), and 21 questions to compare the level of knowledge and prepared as a 5-point Likert type scale was administered. Results: It was found that the patients most frequently presented to the outpatient clinic with a sore throat, allergic symptoms, and otalgia. The most common diagnoses were allergic rhinitis, acute pharyngitis, and otitis externa. It was observed that those living with individuals in the risk group at home (p=0.008), those with a high level of income (p=0.000) and high educational level (p=0.000), and those who were aware of the epidemic since December 2019 (p=0.000) were found to have higher levels of knowledge. Conclusion: Although the general pandemic awareness level was good, individuals with low educational levels and low income level should be the main target population in awareness studies. In addition, a more effective organization of primary health care services, especially during the pandemic period, will ensure that secondary-tertiary health institutions will play a more active role in this combat.
ÖZET
Amaç: Mayıs 2020 tarihinde Türkiye genelinde yeni vaka sayısı azaldı ve Haziran 2020’de normalleşme sürecine girildikten sonra Diyarbakır ilinde vaka sayıları artmaya başladı. Bu çalışma, pandemi ile mücadelede etkin rol alan kulak-burun-boğaz branşına ait polikliniğe başvuran hastaların COVID-19 farkındalığının sorgulanmasının vaka artışının olası nedenine yönelik bilgi sağlayabileceğinin düşünülmesi nedeni ile planlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel çalışmaya, 20 Temmuz 2020-24 Temmuz 2020 tarihleri arasında Dicle Üniversitesi Kulak Burun Boğaz Polikliniğine başvuran ve çalışmaya kabul kriterlerini karşılayan 200 hasta alındı. Hastalara, tarafımızca oluşturulmuş sosyodemografik bilgileri sorgulayan (7 soru), polikliniğe başvuru sürecini sorgulayan (2 soru), pandemiye ait temel bilgileri sorgulayan (3 soru) ve 5’li Likert tipi ölçek şeklinde hazırlanmış, bilgi düzeyini karşılaştırmak için kullanılan 21 soru olmak üzere toplam 33 sorudan oluşan anket formu uygulandı. Bulgular: Hastaların en sık boğaz ağrısı, alerjik semptomlar ve kulak ağrısı ile polikliniğe başvurdukları tespit edildi. En sık alerjik rinit, akut farenjit ve otitis eksterna tanılarının konulduğu izlendi. Evde risk grubunda olan bireylerle yaşayanların (p=0,008), gelir düzeyi (p=0,000) ve eğitim düzeyi (p=0,000) yüksek olanların ve salgından Aralık 2019’dan itibaren haberdar olanların (p=0,000) bilgi düzeylerinin daha yüksek olduğu görüldü. Sonuç: Her ne kadar genel pandemi farkındalık düzeyi iyi olsa da düşük eğitim düzeyi ve düşük gelirli bireylerin farkındalık çalışmalarında ana hedef olmaları gerekmektedir. Ayrıca özellikle pandemi sürecinde birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinin daha efektif organize edilmesi, ikinci ve üçüncü basamak sağlık kuruluşlarının bu mücadelede daha etkin rol almasını sağlayacaktır.
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